# Creating Tickets on Verus Blockchain: A Comparative Analysis

The Verus blockchain offers unique capabilities for creating digital tickets through its innovative identity system. This document explores two distinct approaches to ticket creation on Verus, examining their mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, and practical implications for real-world ticketing systems.

Unlike traditional blockchain approaches that rely on smart contracts, Verus provides native identity primitives that can serve as blockchain-native objects with built-in consensus validation. This fundamental difference opens up new possibilities for ticket creation and management.

In this approach, each ticket is represented by a unique Verus Identity (ID). The ticket office creates individual IDs for each ticket, with the ID itself serving as the transferable ticket asset.

graph TD
    A["Ticket Office"] --> B["Create Parent ID:<br/>greendayconcert2025@"]
    B --> C["Register Name Commitment<br/>for Each Ticket"]
    C --> D["Register Individual<br/>Ticket IDs"]
    D --> E["ticket1.greendayconcert2025@"]
    D --> F["ticket2.greendayconcert2025@"]
    D --> G["ticket3.greendayconcert2025@"]
    E --> H["Transfer Primary Addresses<br/>to Customer"]
    F --> H
    G --> H
    H --> I["Customer Controls<br/>Ticket ID"]
    I --> J["Ticket Can Be<br/>Transferred Again"]

1. Parent ID Creation: Ticket office creates a parent identity (e.g., greendayconcert2025@)
2. Ticket ID Minting: For each ticket, create a sub-identity (e.g., ticket1.greendayconcert2025@)
3. Multi-signature Setup: Configure primary addresses with up to 15 keys
4. Shared Control Option: Include both ticket office and customer addresses for hybrid control
5. Transfer Mechanism: Update primary addresses to transfer ownership

# Step 1: Register name commitment for ticket
verus -chain=vrsctest registernamecommitment "ticket1" "TicketOfficeAddress" "" "greendayconcert2025"

# Step 2: Register the ticket identity
verus -chain=vrsctest registeridentity '{
  "txid": "commitment_txid",
  "namereservation": {...},
  "identity": {
    "name": "ticket1.greendayconcert2025",
    "primaryaddresses": ["TicketOfficeAddress", "CustomerAddress"],
    "minimumsignatures": 2,
    "contentmultimap": {
      "event_details": "Green Day Concert 2025...",
      "seat_info": "Section A, Row 5, Seat 12",
      "price": "$150.00"
    }
  }
}'

# Step 3: Transfer ticket by updating primary addresses
verus -chain=vrsctest updateidentity '{
  "name": "ticket1.greendayconcert2025",
  "primaryaddresses": ["NewOwnerAddress"]
}'

This method uses existing user identities and creates signed data objects (attestations) that represent tickets. The ticket office signs ticket data with their identity, creating a verifiable claim of ownership.

graph TD
    A[User has existing ID: johnDoe@] --> B[Purchases Ticket]
    B --> C[Ticket Office creates signed data object]
    C --> D[Data Object Contains:]
    D --> E[Ticket Details]
    D --> F[Owner ID: johnDoe@]
    D --> G[Unique Ticket Number]
    D --> H[Event Information]
    C --> I[Signed by: ticketmaster@]
    I --> J[Ticket Delivered as Attestation]
    J --> K[Stored in User's Wallet]
    K --> L[Transfer requires re-issuance]

1. User Identity: Customer uses existing Verus ID (e.g., johnDoe@)
2. Ticket Creation: Ticket office creates signed data object off-chain
3. Digital Signature: Object signed by ticket office's ID at specific block height
4. Delivery: Signed ticket object sent to customer's wallet
5. Verification: Blockchain validates signature and ticket office identity

{
  "ticket_object": {
    "ticket_id": "GT2025-NYC-A05-012",
    "event": "Green Day Concert 2025",
    "venue": "Madison Square Garden",
    "date": "2025-05-15T20:00:00Z",
    "seat": "Section A, Row 5, Seat 12",
    "price": "$150.00",
    "owner_id": "johnDoe@",
    "issued_height": 255187,
    "terms": "Non-refundable, non-transferable without re-issuance"
  },
  "signature": {
    "signer": "ticketmaster@",
    "signature_data": "3045022100...",
    "block_height": 255187,
    "timestamp": "2025-05-01T10:30:00Z"
  },
  "merkle_proof": {
    "hash": "a7b8c9d0e1f2...",
    "proof_chain": ["...", "...", "..."]
  }
}

Method A Challenges:

• ~20,000 blockchain transactions needed
• Time requirement: BAtched up transactions take hours
• Infrastructure: Requires robust transaction management system

Method B Advantages:

• Instant ticket generation
• Near-zero marginal cost per ticket
• Immediate distribution capability
• Scalable to any event size

Method A Advantages:

• Provable scarcity and authenticity
• Complete ownership rights
• Resale market functionality
• Collectible value potential

Method B Limitations:

• Harder to prove uniqueness
• Transfer restrictions may reduce value
• Less suitable for collector markets

Method A Considerations:

• May be overkill for internal events
• High setup cost for single-use events

Method B Benefits:

• Quick deployment
• Easy management
• Cost-effective for one-time events
• Simplified distribution to employee IDs

Method A:

• Enhanced wallet transaction capabilities
• Batch transaction processing
• User-friendly ID management interfaces

Method B:

• Ticket-specific wallet features
• Transfer request systems
• Enhanced attestation management
• QR code integration improvements

1. Short-term (2-4 weeks):

   • Basic ticket object support in wallets
   • Simple transfer request mechanisms
   • QR code ticket display

2. Medium-term (2-3 months):

   • Batch ID creation tools
   • Advanced ticket management features
   • Secondary market interfaces

3. Long-term (6-12 months):

   • Advanced software integration
   • Machine-readable ticket formats

Method A:

• Higher operational costs may require premium pricing
• Natural scarcity supports higher ticket values
• Resale market generates ongoing network activity

Method B:

• Lower operational costs enable competitive pricing
• Centralized control over secondary markets
• Reduced infrastructure investment requirements

Method A Vulnerabilities:

• Private key compromise (permanent ticket loss)
• Replay attacks during transfers
• Blockchain reorganization risks

Method A Mitigations:

• Multi-signature ticket IDs
• Confirmation requirements

Method B Vulnerabilities:

• Ticket office key compromise (affects all tickets)
• Signature replay attacks
• Time-based signature validity issues

Method B Mitigations:

• Key rotation policies
• Height-based signature validation
• Merkle tree attestations

Method A:

• Irreversible transactions may conflict with consumer rights
• Clear ownership transfer documentation
• Potential for permanent loss scenarios

Method B:

• Ticket office retains some control for dispute resolution
• More traditional ticketing compliance alignment
• Easier refund/cancellation procedures

Method A:

• Blockchain immutability prevents ticket duplication
• Cryptographic proof of authenticity
• Transparent ownership history

Method B:

• Digital signatures prevent forgery
• Centralized validation reduces fake tickets
• Ticket office control enables quick response to fraud

Both methods offer distinct advantages for different use cases:

Method A (ID as Ticket) excels in scenarios requiring:

• True decentralized ownership
• High-value or collectible tickets
• Secondary market functionality
• Maximum user autonomy

Method B (Signed Objects) is optimal for:

• Large-scale events
• Cost-sensitive operations
• Rapid deployment requirements
• Traditional ticketing business models

The choice between methods should be based on specific event requirements, cost considerations, technical capabilities, and business model preferences. Many organizations may benefit from a hybrid approach, using Method B for general admission and Method A for premium or collectible tickets.

As the Verus ecosystem continues to evolve, improvements in wallet software, batch processing capabilities, and user interfaces will likely make both methods more accessible and practical for mainstream adoption.

This document represents a technical analysis as of September 2025. Verus protocol features and capabilities may evolve over time.